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He has more than 7.6 years of experience in the software development. He has spent most of the times in web/desktop application development. He has sound knowledge in various database concepts. You can reach him at viki.keshari@gmail.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/vikrammahapatra/ https://twitter.com/VikramMahapatra http://www.facebook.com/viki.keshari

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Tuesday, December 9, 2014

Changing Column to use Default as sequence object


Here we are going to check, how we can create default constraint, as a sequence to an existing column on a table object. For our demonstration we are creating a small table with just two column id and name. ID is the field on which we will create default constraint later in this article.

create table tempAddSequence
(id int,
name varchar(20))
Command(s) completed successfully.

Lets insert few rows into tempAddSequence table object.

insert into tempAddSequence values(2,'Amrapali')
insert into tempAddSequence values(5,'Mahin')

select * from tempAddSequence
id          name
----------- --------------------
2           Amrapali
5           Mahin

(2 row(s) affected)

Now our table is populated with some rows, lets create a sequence object starts with 4 and increment by 1.

create sequence seq_Counter
as int
       minvalue 1
       no maxvalue
       start with 4
       increment by 1
       ;
go
Command(s) completed successfully.

Our Sequence object is ready to consume, its now turn to create default constraint on ID column of tempAddSequence table.

alter table tempAddSequence
add constraint id_default_sequence
default (next value for seq_Counter) for id;
Command(s) completed successfully.

Our Default constraint is now in place, associated with column ID. Now we are ready to insert few more records in tempAddSequence table, here won’t insert explicit value for Id field of table.

insert into tempAddSequence(name)
select 'Aashiyana' union all
select 'Anvi'
(2 row(s) affected)

Lets check out the insertion by querying the table

select * from tempAddSequence
id          name
----------- --------------------
2           Amrapali
5           Mahin
4           Aashiyana
5           Anvi

(4 row(s) affected)

Conclusion: we can create default constraint with sequence object on existing table with existing data.

Go Go, its your SQL soul calling :)
  
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Monday, December 1, 2014

Sign are treated as Numeric in SQL Server but conversion to Numeric fails


Yesterday, when I was involved in the data cleansing activity as a part of my Data Migration project, I found a strange result, when I was converting numeric number to decimal. Let me share a piece of code

select
case
when ISNUMERIC(@NumberString) =1
       then cast(@NumberString as decimal(28,8))
else 
       cast('0.00' as decimal(28,8))
end as MyNo

Msg 8115, Level 16, State 6, Line 8
Arithmetic overflow error converting varchar to data type numeric.

Now, if I go back and check my logic, it seems all fine, the first check is made for whether the number string passed is numeric, if it turns true then cast it to decimal else set it to zero, then where this problem arose. Let’s interrogate

I am taking each part separately to understand the problem

select ISNUMERIC('-')
ISNUMERIC
-----------
1

This is bit shocking to me, lets do the check with ‘+’ sign.

select ISNUMERIC('-')
ISNUMERIC
-----------
1

Great, this means SQL Server consider sign as numeric character. Now lets come to our logic

 case
when ISNUMERIC(@NumberString) =1
       then cast(@NumberString as decimal(28,8))
else 
       cast('0.00' as decimal(28,8))
end as MyNo

so here it says, if @NumberString is 1 then cast the number to decimal, so in our case our input parameter to this check is numeric i.e. ‘-‘, so now it should enter true part of the case i.e.

then cast(@NumberString as decimal(28,8))

i.e select cast('-' as decimal(28,10))
Msg 8115, Level 16, State 6, Line 17
Arithmetic overflow error converting varchar to data type numeric.

Conclusion: Here it throws the error, which means the ISNUMERIC and CAST function are working in Sync.

Get your tea cup ready, lot more code to do :)


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Saturday, November 29, 2014

Finding lowest date among each category


Here we have data scattered in table like below
Subject                        Date
------------------------------ -----------------------
Data & File Structure          2014-11-18 10:12:57.767
System Software                2014-11-26 10:12:57.767
DBMS                           2014-11-18 10:12:57.767
Data & File Structure          2014-11-24 10:12:57.767
DBMS                           2014-11-16 10:12:57.767
Data & File Structure          2014-11-25 10:12:57.767
System Software                2014-11-23 10:12:57.767
Data & File Structure          2014-11-24 10:12:57.767
DBMS                           2014-11-29 10:12:57.767

Now we are interested in finding lowest date for each subject.

Let’s create table and try to find the solution using t-sql concepts.

create table Class
([Subject] varchar(30),
[Date] datetime)
Command(s) completed successfully.

So here our table is ready, lets insert data according to problem statement.

insert into Class
select 'Data & File Structure', getdate() - 12 union all
select 'System Software', getdate() - 4 union all
select 'DBMS', getdate() - 12 union all
select 'Data & File Structure', getdate() - 6 union all
select 'DBMS', getdate() - 14 union all
select 'Data & File Structure', getdate() - 5 union all
select 'System Software', getdate() - 7 union all
select 'Data & File Structure', getdate() - 6 union all
select 'DBMS', getdate() - 1

Now our table is ready with data. Ok, its time to fire a query taking both the column under group by

select Subject,Date from Class
group by Subject, Date

Subject                        Date
------------------------------ -----------------------
Data & File Structure          2014-11-18 12:33:53.440
Data & File Structure          2014-11-24 12:33:53.440
Data & File Structure          2014-11-25 12:33:53.440
DBMS                           2014-11-16 12:33:53.440
DBMS                           2014-11-18 12:33:53.440
DBMS                           2014-11-29 12:33:53.440
System Software                2014-11-23 12:33:53.440
System Software                2014-11-26 12:33:53.440

Now, we are interested in finding lowest date among each subject, so we can apply MIN aggregate function to date field taking subject as group by field.

select Subject,min(Date) from Class
group by Subject
Subject                       
------------------------------ -----------------------
Data & File Structure          2014-11-18 12:33:53.440
DBMS                           2014-11-16 12:33:53.440
System Software                2014-11-23 12:33:53.440

Yup we got our work done; this is what we were expecting.

Get your Sofa in washroom and do code J


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